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SSL Certificates - What are they?

What is an SSL Certificate?
SSL certificates are small data files that digitally bind the cryptographic key to an organization's details. When installed on a web server, it enables lockdown protocol and https and enables secure connections from a web server to a browser. Generally, SSL is used to secure credit card transactions, data transfer and login data, and more recently it is becoming the standard for browsing social media sites.

An organization must install the SSL certificate on their web server to initiate a secure browser session. After creating a secure connection, all web traffic between the web server and the web browser will be secure.
When a certificate is successfully installed on your server, the application protocol (also known as HTTP) will change to HTTPS, where 'S' stands for 'secure'. Depending on the type of certificate you purchase and the web browser you browse, a browser will display a lock or a green bar in your browser when you visit a website that has an SSL certificate installed.
How does an SSL certificate work?
SSL certificates use something called public key cryptography. This particular type of cryptography uses the power of two keys which are long strings of randomly generated numbers. One is called private key and the other is called public key. A public key is known to your server and is available in the public domain. Can be used to encrypt any message. If Alice sends a message to Bob, he will block it with Bob's public key, but the only way to decrypt it is to unlock it with Bob's private key. Bob is the only one with the private key, so Bob is the only one who can use it to unlock Alice's message. If a hacker intercepts the message before Bob unlocks it, all he will get is a cryptographic code that cannot be cracked, even with the power of the computer.

If we consider this aspect in terms of a website, the communication occurs between a website and a server. Your site and your server are Alice and Bob.
Why do I need an SSL certificate?

SSL certificates protect your sensitive information, such as credit card information, usernames, passwords, etc.
In addition:

* Protect your data between servers
* Increase Google Ranking
* Build/enhance customer trust
* Improve conversion rates
Phone illustration
Where to buy or how can I get an SSL certificate?
SSL certificates must be issued by a trusted certificate authority. Browsers, operating systems, and mobile devices maintain a list of trusted CA root certificates.

The ROOT certificate must be present on the end user's device for the certificate to be trusted. If not trusted, the browser will display error messages that the end user does not trust. In the case of e-commerce, these error messages lead to an immediate lack of trust in the site, and organizations risk losing the trust and business of most consumers.

Companies like Let's Encrypt are known as trusted certificate authorities. This is because browser and operating system vendors, such as Microsoft, Mozilla, Opera, Blackberry, Java, etc., trust Let's Encrypt as a legitimate certificate authority and may rely on issuing certificates SSL trust. The more apps, devices, and browsers the Certificate Authority integrates, the better the SSL certificate “recognition” is.
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